for this article I will be writing about how designers use digital video technology in order to enhance an end users interactive experience on specifically different delivery platforms. in This article i will be using both primary and secondary research as to how people use videos in interactive media. I will also be Harvard referencing any quotes and resources found from secondary research and i will also be referencing these as necessary. This article will cover; Applications (youtube), cost effectiveness, past and present, user-generated content, viral videos and advertising and file formats used for youtube.
Application: Youtube.
About Youtube:
Youtube, LLC (Limited, Liability, Company) is a video-sharing website that was created by three former PayPal employees,,Steve Chen, Chad Hurley and Jawed Karim in February, 2005. the company is based in San Bruno, California. Youtube is a website in which users can upload, view and share videos across the Internet. The website incorporates Adobe Flash Video and HTML5 technologies in order to display a wide variety of user-generated video content which includes; blogs, tv-shows, original videos, film clips and music videos. In November 2006, youtube, LLC was bought by google for 1.65 billion US dollars and now operates as a subsidiary of google. (anonymous user, Wikipedia. ( last modified on 4 March 2012 at 06:57.).
Cost effectiveness, now and then
media costs then
back in the early 1990's, having a digital video system that was capable of capturing full screen video imagery would have cost several thousands of pounds. Even worse, the biggest cost of digital video technology was the compression hardware. This compression hardware was needed to reduce the huge file sizes that were the result form the conversion of analogue video signal into digital data of a manageable size. Less powerful video capture cards were available, capable of compressing files in a similar way however even these were too expensive for the average pc user. The consumer end of the market was limited to basic cards that were able to capture video, but had none of the dedicated hardware compression features of their own. These low cost cards relied on the host PC to handle the raw digital video files the produced and the only way to keep the file sizes manageable was to drastically reduce the image size size. (PC-techguide. (2012).
media costs, now
now video production is easier and cheaper than ever. Cameras so are so cheap that you can pick one up for a really cheap price. In-fact cameras are so commonplace nowadays that all laptop pc s come with a webcam built in, and all phones have a camera within them. It has become easier than ever to create video and youtube is evidence of this. In the past it would have been impossible to record a video of something completely random as the equipment needed for it would have been just too expensive.
Thee are many devices that will contain a camera capable of capturing digital video. Some of the cameras on these devices are higher or lower tech than others but they all serve the same function. Examples of cameras on everyday devices include; Laptop PCs Smart Phones, mobile phones in general.
There are countless programs that can be used to edit video footage, ranging from amateurish programs such as Sony Vegas, Basic ones such as Windows Movie Maker and slightly more professional ones such as Adobe After Effects. All these programs can be used to either edit add or take away audio, add visual effects, slowdown or speedup footage, the possibilities are near enough limitless. Using these programs you can make professional looking footage from something as simple and basic as an iphone camera.
User-generated Content
what is user-generated content?
User generated content is as the name suggests, content that is generated by other users. One key advantage of user generated content is it doesn’t have to be sent to mainstream media publishers for approval for it to then be distributed to an audience. This means that anyone can,for example upload a video to youtube with the potential for the video to reach millions of people. They can also provide unedited commentary on any topic they wish and then publish it on a forum, blog, or youtube as a vlog. Usually,when people upload content on the Internet, people are only just sharing with a community of other people with similar interests. (Paul Bradshaw. (January 15, 2010).
Most of all the content that is uploaded to youtube is user-generated, meaning that the content is only up there because the users put it up there. However,over recent years the amount of content that is being uploaded by individual youtube users is slowly decreasing the last two years there has been an increasing amount of large corporations that have been uploading their own videos to the website. Large corporations such as CBS, BBC, VEVO Hulu, among other organisations host their material on the website as part of the youtube partnership program.
Unregistered users can watch videos on the site for free, while registered users can upload an unlimited number of videos, as well as the ability to rate(as of 2010, like and dislike) comment, add favourites, and create play-lists of videos they like. Videos that are considered to contain offensive or adult related content is normally flagged by users with a registered account. This will mean that they are unavailable to non registered users. Content like this is only available to registered users if they are at least 18 years old. Under-age users will be re-directed to an error page.
Viral videos and advertising
Viral Advertising
viral advertising is a marketing phenomenon that facilitates and encourages people to pass along a marketing message or advertisement. Viral marketing depends on a high pass along rate from one person to another. If one percentage of people get an email advertisement and then forward that email to a large number friends on their contact list, then the overall growth rockets tremendously. However if the pass along rates become too low then the growth rate fizzles out completely (Marketing terms. (2012).
the term viral advertising or Marketing was actually coined in the mid 1990's in order to describe a marketing cam pain made by Hotmail.com to rapidly expand its customer base. There may well have been viral advertisement campaigns before this, however the hotmail campaign has the reputation to be the first organization to use it. What hotmail actually did for there advertising campaign was really simple. All they did was add a link to their “join now for free” page to every email that was sent but hotmail users. By doing this, the amount of Hotmail users grew from only a few hundred people to over 20,000 people in just two weeks.Marketing terms. (2012).
As well as this there are other viral marketing strategies that are adopted by organizations everywhere. Some of theses strategies include; giving away a free e-book when someone click on affiliate links, giving the reader the right to pass it along to their friends and the 'tell a friend' button that appears on some websites. (Mobile Internet marketing Dictionary. (2012).
Viral Videos
A viral video is a video which is spread through online sharing, such as blogs, forums, email, and sharing sites. To be "viral", the video needs to be appealing to the audience, and it usually achieves this by being different, funny, and witty. Viral videos are commonplace on websites such as youtube where most viral videos are usually uploaded to.
Features and file format used for Youtube
file formats that are accepted by youtube
Mpeg(mpg)
YouTube recommends MPEG4 (Divx, Xvid) with MP3 audio. This option probably provides the best compromise between quality and file size. Other versions of MPEG are also acceptable.
AVI
This is the default format used by many editing programs. It provides excellent picture quality but file sizes are large. This can be a good option for short videos.
MOV, WMV & Others
These are perfectly acceptable, but may not provide the same quality or small file sizes as MPEG4.
(Media College. (2012)
Compression
In most cases you will need to compress your video before you upload it this can be done using the video editing software The best approach is to compress files the least amount possible. YouTube will re-compress the file when it is converted to FLV, so you don't need to worry about the file size. If you have a fast connection and plenty of bandwidth, it makes sense to create video files with the least compression while still keeping to the 100MB size limit. (Media College. (2012)
Video Size (Resolution, Pixel Dimensions)
YouTube recommends a resolution of 320x240. Although this is actually smaller than the youtube video window, however when the video is uploaded, the video will expand to fit the space required.
On the whole, 320x240 is a fairly good compromise which suits the different player sizes well enough. however the video will not always be seen on the large version of the player, and some versions of the player are actually smaller than 320x240. (Media College. (2012)
References
- anonymous user, Wikipedia. ( last modified on 4 March 2012 at 06:57.). Youtube . Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtube. Last accessed 2012.
- Paul Bradshaw. (January 15, 2010). What is user generated content?. Available: http://onlinejournalismblog.com/2010/01/15/what-is-user-generated-content/. Last accessed 05/03/2012.
- PC-techguide. (2012). The History of Digital Video. Available: http://www.pctechguide.com/uncategorized/the-history-of-digital-video. Last accessed 6th March 2012.
- Media College. (2012). Youtube Video Formats. Available: http://www.mediacollege.com/video/internet/youtube/formats.html. Last accessed 6th march 2012.
- Marketing terms. (2012). Viral Marketing . Available: http://www.marketingterms.com/dictionary/viral_marketing/. Last accessed 6th March 2012.
- Mobile Internet marketing Dictionary. (2012). Viral Advertising . Available: http://mobile.internetmarketing-dictionary.com/Viral_Advertising.html. Last accessed 6th March 2012.
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