Monday, 21 May 2012

the principals of interactive authoring


This essay is about the principals of interactive authoring. the essay will cover the following topics: the difference between authoring and programming, examples of authoring tools, what they are used for and review complexity, the definition of ‘assets’, what timelines, slideshows, buttons etc. are and what they can be used for, the limitations of authoring applications and the debate of whether or not to bother with learning a real language such as C and C++, which will also cover how close the basic language is to c.

The difference between authoring and programming
Authoring and programming could be considered as similar things, as this is because they both have a similar outcome, you will always be able to create something from them both. However, authoring and programming are actually completely different. The main difference between authoring tools and programming tools is that authoring tools require less technical knowledge in order to properly master. Below, are the definitions for authoring tools and programming tools.

Authoring  
Sometimes known as authorware, authoring is a program that helps you to create or write hypertext (web pages) or multimedia applications. These programs are known as authoring tools. These authoring tools usually enable you to create a final application merely by linking together objects, such as text, images, video or sound. This is done by defining the objects relationships with each other and then sequencing them in an appropriate order. Authors (those who use authoring tools) are then able to produce attractive and useful graphics applications. Although it doesn’t have to be used, most authoring tools support a scripting language which can be used to create more advanced applications. http://www.webopedia.com/term/a/authoring_tool.html

Programming
Programming however is completely different from authoring. Programming is the process of developing and implementing various sets of instructions which are defined as code, for example, Basic, used in GL Basic, and ActionScript2&3, used in Flash, and enable a computer to complete certain tasks. These instructions are considered to be computer programs and can help a computer to run smoothly or specific code that will run a program. The coding languages that are used in programming can be complicated and ranges firm easy programs such as Flash, GL Basic and Dark Basic. To harder, very complicate languages such as C++ and independent languages that are used for the creation of videogames, for example GOOL. (A programming language that was once used by the company Naughty Dog, for the creation of crash bandicoot, 2 and 3.) these programming languages cannot be understood unless they have or are able to learn them. Computer programming has become increasingly more desirable as the internet and media continues to expand and is no longer restricted to just being used for videogames


 Examples of authoring tools

Programs that can be used to author something in are known as authoring tools. One f the first author tool application that’s springs to mind is Microsoft PowerPoint, for Windows and the free Impress by OpenOffice.org.  Both of these programs are presentation programs. Both programs are also remarkably similar to each other. In both PowerPoint and Impress, you are able to create presentations to express and present ideas or information.  Within these applications you can put together text, images, video clips, and even animations to create these presentations.

Another authoring tool that can be used is Flash. In flash you can create movies, short animations, slideshows, websites and even full games. Flash however, is a lot more advanced, in terms of the end product that can be created. Within flash, there is a scripting code that can be universally used for buttons of movies, game controls, and website navigation and so on.

 Another authoring too that is surprisingly overlooked is Adobe Dreamweaver. Once owned my macromedia, this application allows for the easy and painless creation of websites. The language used in this program is HTML, the language used to create websites. This program even has a feature where you can choose create a website using code alone, designing mode of design and code at the same time. The way this program works is, unlike Flash, the program inputs the code as you are designing a website. The html is even highlighted in different colours to make it easier to tell the different parts of the code apart. 

 Gl Basic is also considered a programming tool. This however, is by far the most complicated authoring tool as technically qualifies as both a programming and authoring tool. This is because the main feature of this program is its unique programming language known as Basic. Using this tool, you are able to create programs and mobile phone (iPhone and Android only) applications. In this tool you have to write your program using this special language and then run your program to see the results.

About ‘Assets’

Assets are anything that is used in order an application what it actually is. An asset is something that is put into an application. Assets are everything from images, sprites, and backgrounds, the code (if needed), and sound effects, Music, text and anything else that’s created for use with the applications. The created assets belong to the developer or developers of whoever created the application in the first place.  For example, the assets used for my iPhone/Android game, the assets for my game include backgrounds, sprites, and music. My character for my game is one of my main assets. The assets that compose my game make my game what it is. Otherwise it would look like a black screen with nothing happening in it.  

Interactive elements of applications

Interactive elements within applications mean that you are able to interact with the application itself. Buttons, sliders, pop out boxes and a host of other things are used in most if not all flash applications. Slideshows, timelines and effects are also interactive elements that are used in many applications.

Buttons

Basically, a button is an image of any shape, size or colour which is then placed onto the stage or workspace. It is then converted into a symbol which Flash uses for animations. The button can then be given what’s known as an Instance name, which is what the object gets referred to as in the Action Script code. Then layers are created with pages, a layer for buttons and one for pages. On the layer with nothing on it, the user can then input code which will give the button commands such as moving to different frames or ‘pages. Any button can be given any command as long as you know its input code.

Timeline

A timeline is a long series of frames which an animation will be made up of. Each frame contains a still picture or a motion tween (a feature which allows for smooth animation of movement) and when it it played the computer will play each one in a sequence making up the animation. A timeline can be used for other things as well. A timeline can be used to contain information such as separate animations, script code or even features of webpages. There is a timeline in both Adobe Flash and Adobe after Effects. There are timelines in many animation programs also.    

Slideshow

A slide show is a series of pages with text, images and video clips that move consecutively one after another. Each page or slide can have images and texts thrown together and then played either automatically over a period of time, or manually by clicking when finished with each slide

Effects (in PowerPoint, etc)

There are many effects that can be used to make a presentation look a lot more interesting. There are two main types, transitions and normal animations. The stage animations or slide transitions are used for slide transitions. The slide animates away so that a new slide will be animated onto the screen. The normal animation effects can be applied to virtually everything that’s within the slide. The effects consist of many animations of three type’s   animations, intro, exit and emphasis. All three types of animation have different animations within them, including different motion paths that can be used so that every animation is customisable.



Limitations of authoring tools

Although you can make professional looking applications, presentations, animations or web pages, all these programs have their limitations. For example, with PowerPoint, there is only so much that you can do with the animations available and they are only customisable to some degree.  Another example of a limitation of authoring tools is with some programs you have to mput up with the layout of the program itself. 

C and GL basic

It can be argued that one one side, there would be no point in learning C, which is allot more complex than Basic, as the code within Gl Basic is compiled into C and then run as the program anyway. However, on the other hand, there is only so much you can do using the Basic code, and there is also a limited amount of memory that’s available to use when running a program. for example I had to limit the amount of levels within my game as I already had used up  loads of the memory. There’s allot more that you can do using C, the downside is you have to learn a new and extremely complicate programming language, but n the upside, if you master it ten you are able to create pretty much anything, as well as have the expertise to code in other languages.

No comments:

Post a Comment